#Bun lab normal range portable

#Bun lab normal range portable

Some autoanalyzers (including portable analyzers such as VetScan ) use an adaptation of the Jaffe reaction that can separate creatinine from noncreatinine chromogens.3 Thus, results from different measurement techniques cannot be directly compared.Ī number of plasma constituents can interfere with creatinine measurement in dogs and cats.4,5 High serum bilirubin concentrations (3 mg/dl) can falsely lower creatinine concentrations.4,5 Glucose, fructose, pyruvate, acetoacetate, uric acid, ascorbic acid, and plasma proteins can all cause the Jaffe colorimetric assays to yield falsely high creatinine concentrations in people.3 As a rule, interfering chromogens increase the creatinine result by about 20%, but with some diseases, the interference can be much greater. The Jaffe reaction is a form of the alkaline picrate method. i-Stat ) because of the presence of noncreatinine chromogens. Results may tend to be higher than those obtained with autoanalyzers that use an enzymatic method ( e.g. It measures the rate of color development (typically orange) when creatinine is complexed with alkaline picrate. The alkaline picrate method is most commonly used. Creatinine concentrations can be measured by several methods. Table 1: International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease in Dogs and Cats To optimize accurate staging of CKD, serum creatinine concentrations should be evaluated on two or more occasions when the patient is well-hydrated. In dogs and cats, creatinine excretion is accomplished almost exclusively by glomerular filtration, and the creatinine concentration is inversely related to GFR.2Ī serum creatinine concentration is the most commonly used measure of severity of renal dysfunction and is the basis for staging chronic kidney disease (CKD) ( Table 1). Although blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine concentrations are commonly used as crude indices of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), meaningful interpretation of these parameters depends on recognizing and evaluating prerenal, primary renal, and postrenal factors that may reduce GFR.Ĭreatinine is a nonenzymatic breakdown product of phosphocreatine in muscle, and daily creatinine production is determined largely by individual muscle mass. Because nonprotein nitrogenous compounds (including urea and creatinine) are endogenous substances, abnormally elevated serum concentrations may be caused by an increased rate of production (by the liver for urea by muscles for creatinine) or by a decreased rate of clearance (primarily by the kidneys).1Īzotemia should not be used as a synonym for kidney disease since it may be caused by lower urinary tract abnormalities or other nonrenal factors, and kidney disease can be present in the absence of azotemia. Azotemia can be associated with several fundamentally different causes. Correctly interpreting these findings will help you formulate an effective diagnostic and therapeutic plan and provide prognostic information.Īzotemia is defined as an abnormal concentration of urea, creatinine, and other nonprotein nitrogenous substances in blood, plasma, or serum. This article focuses on the serum chemistry profile, complete blood count, and urinalysis findings that indicate kidney disease. It is recognized by either reduced kidney function or kidney damage.1 In dogs and cats, loss of two-thirds or more of functional nephrons is associated with loss of adequate urine concentrating ability, whereas loss of three-quarters or more of functional nephrons results in azotemia.

Kidney disease is defined as the presence of functional or structural abnormalities in one or both kidneys ( Figure 1).